This section shall not be applicable to tubular waste fittings used to convey vertical flow upstream of the trap seal liquid level of a fixture trap. The fittings shall only be permitted for a 2-inch or smaller fixture drain. Three inches or larger. For a limitation on double sanitary tees, see Section Heel-inlet quarter bends shall be an acceptable means of connection, except where the quarter bend serves a water closet.
A low-heel inlet shall not be used as a wet-vented connection. Side-inlet quarter bends shall be an acceptable means of connection for drainage , wet venting and stack venting arrangements. Section Prohibited Joints and Connections.
The following types of joints and connections shall be prohibited: Cement or concrete joints. Mastic or hot-pour bituminous joints. Joints made with fittings not approved for the specific installation.
Joints between different diameter pipes made with elastomeric rolling O-rings. Solvent-cement joints between different types of plastic pipe except where provided for in Section Saddle-type fittings. Section Cleanouts. Cleanouts shall be provided for drainage piping in accordance with Sections Building sewers smaller than 8 inches mm shall have cleanouts located at intervals of not more than feet 30 mm.
Building sewers 8 inches mm and larger shall have a manhole located not more than feet 60 mm from the junction of the building drain and building sewer and at intervals of not more than feet m.
The interval length shall be measured from the cleanout or manhole opening, along the developed length of the piping to the next drainage fitting providing access for cleaning, a manhole or the end of the building sewer.
The junction of the building drain and the building sewer shall be served by a cleanout that is located at the junction or within 10 feet mm of the developed length of piping upstream of the junction.
For the requirements of this section, the removal of the water closet shall not be required to provide cleanout access. Where a horizontal drainage pipe, a building drain or a building sewer has a change of horizontal direction greater than 45 degrees 0. Where more than one change of horizontal direction greater than 45 degrees 0. Exceptions: A removable P- trap with slip or ground joint connections can serve as a cleanout for drain piping that is one size larger than the P- trap size.
Cleanouts located on stacks can be one size smaller than the stack size. The size of cleanouts for cast-iron piping can be in accordance with the referenced standards for cast-iron fittings as indicated in Table Cleanout plugs shall be of copper-alloy, plastic or other approved materials. Cleanout plugs for borosilicate glass piping systems shall be of borosilicate glass.
Copper-alloy cleanout plugs shall conform to ASTM A74 and shall be limited for use only on metallic piping systems. Plastic cleanout plugs shall conform to the referenced standards for plastic pipe fittings, as indicated in Table Cleanout plugs shall have a raised square head, a countersunk square head or a countersunk slot head. Where a cleanout plug will have a trim cover screw installed into the plug, the plug shall be manufactured with a blind end threaded hole for such purpose.
Manholes and manhole covers shall be of an approved type. Manholes located inside of a building shall have gas-tight covers that require tools for removal. Exceptions: Test tees serving as cleanouts. A two-way cleanout installation that is approved for meeting the requirements of Section Cleanouts for 6-inch mm and smaller piping shall be provided with a clearance of not less than 18 inches mm from, and perpendicular to, the face of the opening to any obstruction.
Cleanouts for 8-inch mm and larger piping shall be provided with a clearance of not less than 36 inches mm from, and perpendicular to, the face of the opening to any obstruction. Required cleanouts shall not be installed in concealed locations.
Cleanouts located below grade shall be extended to grade level so that the top of the cleanout plug is at or above grade. A cleanout installed in a floor or walkway that will not have a trim cover installed shall have a countersunk plug installed so the top surface of the plug is flush with the finished surface of the floor or walk-way. Trim covers and access doors for cleanout plugs shall be designed for such purposes and shall be approved. Trim cover fasteners that thread into cleanout plugs shall be corrosion resistant.
Cleanout plugs shall not be covered with mortar, plaster or any other permanent material. Where it is necessary to protect a cleanout plug from the loads of vehicular traffic, cleanout assemblies in accordance with ASME A The use of a threaded cleanout opening to add a fixture or to extend piping shall be prohibited except where another cleanout of equal size is installed with the required access and clearance. Section Fixture Units.
For traps larger than 3 inches, use Table A showerhead over a bathtub or whirlpool bathtub attachment does not increase the drainage fixture unit value. See Sections Trap size shall be consistent with the fixture outlet size.
For the purpose of computing loads on building drains and sewers , water closets and urinals shall not be rated at a lower drainage fixture unit unless the lower values are confirmed by testing. For fixtures added to a bathroom group , add the dfu value of those additional fixtures to the bathroom group fixture count. See Section Where discharges to a waste receptor or to a drainage system are only known in gallons per minute liters per second values, the drainage fixture unit values for those flows shall be computed on the basis that 1 gpm 0.
The drainage fixture unit load of an indirect waste receptor receiving the discharge of indirectly connected fixtures shall be the sum of the drainage fixture unit values of the fixtures that discharge to the receptor, but not less than the drainage fixture unit value given for the indirect waste receptor in Table Where waste receptors such as floor drains , floor sinks and hub drains receive only clear-water waste from display cases, refrigerated display cases, ice bins, coolers and freezers, such receptors shall have a drainage fixture unit value of one-half.
Section Drainage System Sizing. The minimum size of any building drain serving a water closet shall be 3 inches. Does not include branches of the building drain. Refer to Table Stacks shall be sized based on the total accumulated connected load at each story or branch interval. As the total accumulated connected load decreases, stacks are permitted to be reduced in size.
Stack diameters shall not be reduced to less than one-half of the diameter of the largest stack size required. Sizing load based on design criteria. Horizontal stack offsets shall be sized as required for building drains in accordance with Table Vertical stack offsets shall be sized as required for straight stacks in accordance with Table Where provision is made for the future installation of fixtures, those provided for shall be considered in determining the required sizes of drain pipes.
If a horizontal branch connects to the stack within 2 feet mm above or below a vertical stack offset , and the offset is located more than four branch intervals below the top of the stack , the offset shall be vented in accordance with Section Vents for vertical offsets required by Section A stack with a horizontal offset located more than four branch intervals below the top of the stack shall be vented in accordance with Section and sized as follows: The portion of the stack above the offset shall be sized as for a vertical stack based on the total number of drainage fixture units above the offset.
The offset shall be sized in accordance with Section The portion of the stack below the offset shall be sized as for the offset or based on the total number of drainage fixture units on the entire stack , whichever is larger [see Table Vents for horizontal stack offsets required by Section Where a vertical offset occurs in a soil or waste stack below the lowest horizontal branch , a change in diameter of the stack because of the offset shall not be required.
If a horizontal offset occurs in a soil or waste stack below the lowest horizontal branch , the required diameter of the offset and the stack below it shall be determined as for a building drain in accordance with Table Section Sumps and Ejectors. Building subdrains that cannot be discharged to the sewer by gravity flow shall be discharged into a tightly covered and vented sump from which the liquid shall be lifted and discharged into the building gravity drainage system by automatic pumping equipment or other approved method.
In other than existing structures, the sump shall not receive drainage from any piping within the building capable of being discharged by gravity to the building sewer. A check valve and a full open valve located on the discharge side of the check valve shall be installed in the pump or ejector discharge piping between the pump or ejector and the gravity drainage system.
Access shall be provided to such valves. Such valves shall be located above the sump cover required by Section The sump pump , pit and discharge piping shall conform to the requirements of Sections The sump pump capacity and head shall be appropriate to anticipated use requirements.
The sump pit shall be not less than 18 inches mm in diameter and not less than 24 inches mm in depth, unless otherwise approved. The pit shall be provided with access and shall be located such that all drainage flows into the pit by gravity. The sump pit shall be constructed of tile, concrete, steel, plastic or other approved materials. The pit bottom shall be solid and provide permanent support for the pump. The sump pit shall be fitted with a gastight removable cover that is installed not more than 2 inches 51 mm below grade or floor level.
The cover shall be adequate to support anticipated loads in the area of use. The sump pit shall be vented in accordance with Chapter 9.
Discharge pipe and fittings serving sump pumps and ejectors shall be constructed of materials in accordance with Sections Pipe and fittings shall be rated for the maximum system operating pressure and temperature. Pipe fitting materials shall be compatible with the pipe material. Where pipe and fittings are buried in the earth, they shall be suitable for burial.
The effluent level control shall be adjusted and maintained to at all times prevent the effluent in the sump from rising to within 2 inches 51 mm of the invert of the gravity drain inlet into the sump. Pumps connected to the drainage system shall connect to a building sewer , building drain , soil stack , waste stack or horizontal branch drain.
Where the discharge line connects into horizontal drainage piping, the connection shall be made through a wye fitting into the top of the drainage piping and such wye fitting shall be located not less than 10 pipe diameters from the base of any soil stack , waste stack or fixture drain.
A sewage pump or sewage ejector shall automatically discharge the contents of the sump to the building drainage system.
Section Computerized Drainage Design. The sizing, design and layout of the drainage system shall be permitted to be designed by approved computer design methods. The load shall be computed from the simultaneous or sequential discharge conditions from fixtures, appurtenances and appliances or the peak usage design condition. The discharge profiles for flow rates versus time from fixtures and appliances shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications.
Pipe size calculations shall be conducted with the pipe wall roughness factor ks , in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications and as modified for aging roughness factors with deposits and corrosion. Horizontal drainage piping shall be designed and installed at slopes in accordance with Table Section Backwater Valves.
Backwater valves shall be installed so that access is provided to the working parts. Section Vacuum Drainage Systems. Vacuum drainage systems shall be in accordance with Sections Vacuum drainage systems shall be designed in accordance with the vacuum drainage system manufacturer's instructions.
The system layout, including piping layout, tank assemblies, vacuum pump assembly and other components necessary for proper function of the system shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Plans, specifications and other data for such systems shall be submitted to the code official for review and approval prior to installation.
Gravity -type fixtures installed in vacuum drainage systems shall comply with Chapter 4. Drainage fixture units for gravity drainage systems that discharge into, or receive discharge from, vacuum drainage systems shall be based on the values in this chapter.
Water supply fixture units shall be based on the values in Chapter 6 of this code, except that the water supply fixture unit for a vacuum -type water closet shall be 1. Gravity drainage fixtures shall be provided with traps and cleanouts in accordance with this chapter and Chapter Vacuum drainage pipe, fitting and valve materials shall be in accordance with the vacuum drainage system manufacturer's instructions and the requirements of this chapter. After completion of the entire system installation, the system shall be subjected to a vacuum test of 19 inches mm of mercury and shall be operated to function as required by the code official and the manufacturer of the vacuum drainage system.
Recorded proof of all tests shall be submitted to the code official. Written instructions for the operation, maintenance, safety and emergency procedures shall be provided to the building owner. The code official shall verify that the building owner is in receipt of such instructions.
This section shall govern the replacement of existing building sewer and building drain piping by pipe-bursting methods. The replacement of building sewer and building drain piping by pipe-bursting methods shall be limited to gravity drainage piping of sizes 6 inches mm and smaller. The replacement piping shall be of the same nominal size as the existing piping.
The existing piping sections to be replaced shall be inspected internally by a recorded video camera survey. The survey shall include notations of the position of cleanouts and the depth of connections to the existing piping.
Where the existing building sewer or building drain did not have cleanouts meeting the requirements of this code, cleanout fittings shall be installed as required by this code. The completed replacement piping section shall be inspected internally by a recorded video camera survey. The video survey shall be reviewed and approved by the code official prior to pressure testing of the replacement piping system.
The replacement piping system as well as the connections to the replacement piping shall be tested in accordance with Section P Bookmark. UpCodes Premium. Cast-iron pipe. Copper or copper-alloy pipe. Galvanized steel pipe. ASTM A Glass pipe. ASTM C Polyolefin pipe. Polyvinyl chloride PVC plastic pipe with a 3. Polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF plastic pipe. Stainless steel drainage systems, Types and L. ASME A ASTM F Stainless steel drainage systems, Type L. Concrete pipe. Copper or copper-alloy tubing Type K or L.
Polypropylene PP plastic pipe. Vitrified clay pipe. Acrylonotrile butadiene styrene ABS plastic pipe in sewer and drain diameters. ASTM D Cast iron. ASME B Copper or copper alloy. Gray iron and ductile iron. Polyvinyl chloride PVC plastic pipe in sewer and drain diameters. Vitrified clay. SIZE inches. Horizontal to vertical. Vertical to horizontal. Horizontal to horizontal. Sanitary tee. Combination wye and eighth bend. Automatic clothes washers, commercial a,g.
Automatic clothes washers, residential g. Bathroom group as defined in Section 1. Bathroom group as defined in Section water closet flushing greater than 1. Bathtub b with or without overhead shower or whirlpool attachments.
Combination sink and tray. Dental unit or cuspidor. Dishwashing machine c , domestic. Drinking fountain. Emergency floor drain. Floor drains h.
Kitchen sink, domestic with food waste disposer, dishwasher or both. Laundry tray 1 or 2 compartments. Shower based on the total flow rate through showerheads and body sprays Flow rate: 5. Urinal, 1 gallon per flush or less.
Urinal, nonwater supplied. Wash sink circular or multiple each set of faucets. Water closet, flushometer tank , public or private. Amendment styling: Highlight changes enacted by your local jurisdiction. Never miss important differences made to the code. Code diagrams: Unpack the code through illustrations and descriptions. Features Overview. A reliable and up-to-date source of codes. Rapidly and efficiently calculate project parameters.
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